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Wybrane właściwości chemiczne gleby piaszczystej po 36 latach zróżnicowanego nawożenia azotem mineralnym i obornikiem bez wapnowania w dwóch płodozmianach
 
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1
Department of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, Polska
 
 
Data nadesłania: 10-07-2020
 
 
Data ostatniej rewizji: 01-10-2020
 
 
Data akceptacji: 21-10-2020
 
 
Data publikacji online: 23-11-2020
 
 
Data publikacji: 23-11-2020
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Dorota Pikuła   

Department of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Polska
 
 
Soil Sci. Ann., 2020, 71(3), 246-251
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Streszczenie: W artykule przedstawiono wyniki wpływu wieloletniego zróżnicowanego płodozmianu, nawożenia obornikiem i azotem mineralnym na zawartość węgla organicznego w glebie, azotu całkowitego, przyswajalnego fosforu i potasu oraz pH. Wieloletnie doświadczanie polowe prowadzone jest nieprzerwalnie od 1979 r. Trzyczynnikowe doświadczenie jest zlokalizowane na glebie Albic Luvisol (WRB, 2015) o uziarnieniu piasku gliniastego lekkiego, w którym rośliny uprawiane są w dwóch 4-letnich zmianowaniach: RotA (kukurydza na ziarno, pszenica ozima, jęczmień jary i kukurydza na kiszonkę) oraz RotB (kukurydza na ziarno, pszenica ozima, gorczyca na poplon, jęczmień jary i mieszanka koniczyny z trawami). Po 36 latach gleba w RotB ze zwiększonym dopływem do gleby materii organicznej (gorczyca na przyoranie i mieszanka koniczyny z trawami) zgromadziła znacznie większe ilości węgla organicznego. Jednak przy braku wapnowania gleba w RotB, w przeciwieństwie do tej w RotA, stała się bardziej kwaśna, charakteryzowała się zmniejszoną zawartością przyswajalnego fosforu i potasu. Wyniki tego wieloletniego eksperymentu nawozowego wskazują, że samo zastosowanie nawożenia obornikiem nie jest wystarczające do zwiększenia/utrzymania zawartości węgla organicznego w glebie na optymalnym poziomie w warunkach konwencjonalnej uprawy roślin, bez przyorywania słomy i poplonów. Zastosowanie dopiero nawożenia obornikiem w połączeniu z właściwie skonstruowanym zmianowaniem i nawożeniem azotem mineralnym zwiększa zawartość węgla organicznego w glebie i azotu w glebie, ale nie zwiększa zawartości przyzwalanych form fosforu i potasu, nie niweluje też zakwaszenia gleby. Nawożenie azotem mineralnym zapobiega systematycznemu obniżaniu się poziomu węgla organicznego w glebie.
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